Introduction: What is an Off-Grid Solar System in India?
In a country where power cuts and unreliable electricity are still common in rural and semi-urban areas, having uninterrupted access to energy is a necessity—not a luxury. That’s where the off-grid solar system in India comes into play.
Unlike on-grid systems that rely on the power grid, an off-grid solar system is fully independent and operates using solar panels and batteries to store energy. It allows homeowners, small businesses, and farms to generate and use solar electricity even when the grid is down—or completely unavailable.
As India moves toward its renewable energy goals, more people are turning to off-grid systems, especially in states like Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, and parts of Maharashtra where grid access may be limited or erratic.
Whether you live in a remote village or want to make your home self-sustainable, this complete guide on the off grid solar system in India will help you understand its working, costs, components, pros & cons, and whether it’s the right fit for your energy needs
Table of Contents
How Off-Grid Solar Systems Work
An off grid solar system in India is designed to operate completely independent of the utility power grid. It uses solar panels to generate electricity, stores excess power in batteries, and supplies energy to your appliances—even when the sun isn’t shining or during a power outage.
Let’s break down how it works step by step:
Step 1: Solar Energy Generation
Solar panels installed on your rooftop absorb sunlight and convert it into DC (Direct Current) electricity during the day.
Step 2: Power Conditioning & Battery Charging
This DC electricity is routed through a charge controller that regulates voltage and current to safely charge the solar battery bank.
The battery stores excess electricity generated during the day so you can use it at night or during cloudy hours.
Step 3: Power Conversion
The stored DC electricity from the battery is sent to an off-grid inverter, which converts it into AC (Alternating Current) — the type of electricity used by household appliances.
Step 4: Powering Your Home or Business
The converted AC electricity is then supplied to your lights, fans, fridge, pumps, and other appliances. If your battery is fully drained, backup generators (if installed) can supply power temporarily.
System Intelligence
Advanced off-grid inverters and controllers can manage:
- Priority loads (e.g., powering essential appliances first)
- Battery cut-off and protection
- Power sharing between generator and solar
🚫 No Grid Dependency: Since the system works entirely off solar and battery storage, you’re not affected by local power cuts or voltage fluctuations.
Who Needs an Off-Grid Solar System in India?
While on-grid solar systems are ideal for urban homes connected to the power grid, an off grid solar system in India serves a very specific—and equally important—purpose. It’s a complete power solution for those who live beyond the reach of consistent utility electricity or want full independence from the grid.
Let’s break down who benefits the most:
1. Homes in Remote or Rural Areas
Many villages and remote towns across India still suffer from irregular or no electricity supply. For such areas, an off-grid solar system becomes a lifeline—providing uninterrupted power for lighting, fans, phones, and basic appliances.
States like Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha, Himachal Pradesh, Rajasthan, and parts of Uttar Pradesh are seeing a rise in demand for these systems.
2. Farmhouses & Weekend Homes
If you own a farmhouse, second home, or weekend getaway in the countryside, an off-grid setup ensures that your place remains powered—even without access to the main grid. No more fuel generators, no more noise or emissions.
3. Small Commercial Setups in Off-Grid Zones
Tailoring shops, grocery stores, rural medical centers, schools, and telecom towers in off-grid locations benefit greatly from these systems. With a reliable off-grid setup, they can operate smoothly and avoid business losses due to power interruptions.
4. Energy-Conscious Urban Residents
Even in metro cities, some eco-conscious individuals opt for off grid solar systems to become completely energy independent, reduce carbon footprints, or avoid the volatility of power prices.
5. Disaster-Prone & Emergency Sites
Off-grid systems are also perfect for:
- Emergency shelters
- Disaster relief centers
- Military outposts
- Research stations in remote locations
These sites require self-reliant, fail-safe power, and off-grid solar fits the bill.
Summary:
If your priority is uninterrupted power, energy independence, or living off the grid, this system is for you. With battery backup and solar storage, you don’t rely on anyone—not even the sun at night.
Key Components of an Off-Grid Solar System
A fully functional off grid solar system in India is built using several critical components that work together to generate, store, convert, and supply power. Understanding each element will help you make informed choices when planning your system.
Here’s what goes into a standard off-grid setup:
1. Solar Panels
These are the primary power generators. Installed on your rooftop or land, solar panels absorb sunlight and convert it into DC electricity. The efficiency and wattage of the panels determine how much energy your system can generate daily.
2. Solar Batteries
Unlike on-grid systems, off-grid solar system requires batteries to store the energy produced during the day for use at night or during cloudy hours. You can choose from:
- Lead-acid batteries (lower cost, shorter life)
- Lithium-ion batteries (longer life, faster charging, higher efficiency)
3. Charge Controller
The charge controller protects the battery from overcharging or deep discharging. It regulates the voltage and current coming from the solar panels and ensures optimal battery life and safety.
4. Inverter
The inverter converts stored DC power into usable AC electricity to run home appliances. Off-grid inverters also manage load priorities and help in smart energy distribution.
5. Power Management System (Optional)
Modern systems come with smart control panels or apps that allow real-time monitoring of generation, consumption, and storage.
Specifications Table: Off-Grid Solar System Components
| Component | Purpose | Variants/Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Solar Panels | Converts sunlight into DC power | Polycrystalline / Monocrystalline |
| Charge Controller | Regulates battery charging | PWM / MPPT types |
| Solar Battery | Stores electricity for later use | Lead-Acid or Lithium-ion |
| Inverter | Converts DC to AC | Pure sine wave off-grid inverter |
| Mounting Structure | Holds panels on rooftop/ground | Galvanized Iron or Aluminum |
| DC/AC Wiring & Box | Safe power distribution | Weatherproof casing |
| Monitoring Device | Tracks performance and usage (optional) | App-based or digital control panel |
Cost of Off Grid Solar System in India – Complete Breakdown
The cost of installing an off-grid solar system in India depends on various factors like system size, battery capacity, inverter type, brand, and location. Unlike on-grid systems, these include batteries—making them slightly more expensive but also more independent and reliable in remote or blackout-prone areas.
Here’s a general price range to help you plan your investment.
📊 Off-Grid Solar System Price Table (2025 Estimates)
| System Size | Battery Backup | Suitable For | Price Range (INR) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 kW | 1–2 hours | 1 BHK or small shop | ₹90,000 – ₹1,40,000 |
| 2 kW | 2–3 hours | Small homes/farms | ₹1,50,000 – ₹2,20,000 |
| 3 kW | 3–4 hours | 2 BHK homes, small businesses | ₹2,40,000 – ₹3,20,000 |
| 5 kW | 4–6 hours | Villas, 3 BHK homes, offices | ₹3,80,000 – ₹5,50,000 |
| 7.5 kW | 5–6 hours | Large homes, mini hotels | ₹6,50,000 – ₹8,00,000 |
| 10 kW | 6–8 hours | Clinics, guest houses, industries | ₹9,00,000 – ₹11,50,000 |
Key Inclusions:
- Solar panels (Monocrystalline or Poly)
- Inverter (Off-grid pure sine wave)
- Battery bank (Lead-acid or Lithium)
- Mounting & BOS (Balance of System)
- Charge controller & safety devices
Notes:
- Lithium-ion batteries cost more but last 3x longer than lead-acid batteries.
- Government subsidy schemes typically don’t cover off-grid solar systems, but some state-level pilot programs may apply.
- In rural zones, local installers may offer better pricing based on demand.
🔗 Internal Links for Readers:
🔗 External Info:
- Learn about policy updates on MNRE – Solar
Factors Affecting the Cost of Off Grid Solar System in India
The total cost of an off-grid solar system in India varies significantly based on multiple components and customization needs. Understanding what influences the final price can help you budget smartly and avoid hidden expenses.
Let’s explore the key factors one by one:
1. Battery Type & Capacity
Batteries are the most expensive part of an off-grid solar system.
- Lead-acid batteries are cheaper (~₹8,000–₹15,000 per unit), but need replacement every 3–5 years.
- Lithium-ion batteries, though costlier (~₹20,000–₹40,000+ per unit), last up to 12 years and are more compact and efficient.
👉 Larger capacity = more storage = higher cost.
2. Inverter Type
An off-grid solar system needs a pure sine wave inverter that can handle load fluctuations and battery charging efficiently. Brands like Luminous, Microtek, Growatt, and Sukam offer off-grid inverters priced between ₹25,000 to ₹90,000, depending on wattage and smart features.
3. Solar Panel Efficiency & Brand
Premium monocrystalline panels are more efficient and space-saving but pricier than polycrystalline ones.
Example:
- Poly panel (330W): ₹8,500
- Mono PERC (450W): ₹10,500+
Trusted panel brands in India include Waaree, Tata Power Solar, Vikram Solar, and Adani.
4. System Size (kW Rating)
A bigger system = more panels, batteries, wiring, and mounting space. A 1kW system may cost under ₹1.4L, while a 10kW off-grid setup may go over ₹10L.
5. Installation & Location
Remote areas often incur higher labor and logistics charges. Also, tilted roof types or elevated structures may need custom mounting solutions, increasing costs.
6. Usage Patterns & Appliance Load
Homes with ACs, refrigerators, water pumps, etc., need larger inverters and battery banks to support higher loads and autonomy, especially for night-time use.
7. Monitoring & Automation
If you want smart tracking, app integration, or automatic generator backup—those add to the cost but improve performance and comfort.
💡 Pro Tip: Always get a site audit from a professional solar installer like Solar Ace Energy to receive accurate cost projections and energy savings forecasts.
Solar System Types Comparison Table
| Feature | On-Grid | Off-Grid | Hybrid |
|---|---|---|---|
| Grid Connection | Yes | No | Yes |
| Battery Backup | No | Yes | Yes |
| Power During Blackouts | No | Yes | Yes |
| Cost | Lowest | Highest (due to batteries) | Moderate to High |
| Subsidy Eligibility | ✅ Yes (Govt Approved) | ❌ Rarely | ✅ Partially (on-grid part) |
| Best For | Urban homes, businesses | Rural areas, power-cut zones | Homes with grid + frequent blackouts |
| Energy Independence | ❌ Limited | ✅ Full independence | ✅ Partial to Full |
| System Complexity | Simple | Moderate | Complex (more components) |
| Typical Use Cases | Apartments, Cities | Villages, Farmhouses | Clinics, Urban homes with essential loads |
Government Subsidy for Off Grid Solar Systems in India
One of the most common questions buyers have is — “Can I get a government subsidy for an off grid solar system in India?”
The answer is not always. Unlike on-grid rooftop solar systems, off-grid installations usually do not qualify under national subsidy schemes such as PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana. However, there are some exceptions and state-specific programs worth considering.
National Policy: PM Surya Ghar Scheme
The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) offers central financial assistance (CFA) primarily for grid-connected residential rooftop systems. This means:
✅ Subsidy Available – On-grid solar
❌ No subsidy for off-grid solar systems
Reference: MNRE Official Website
State-Level Programs (Occasional)
Some Indian states run pilot programs or rural electrification schemes where off-grid systems are subsidized for specific categories:
- Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Odisha – solar microgrids and village electrification
- Himachal Pradesh, J&K – for homes in off-grid or snow-prone areas
- Maharashtra Tribal Zones – off-grid systems under non-conventional energy schemes
How to Check for Eligibility?
- Visit State Nodal Agency (SNA) Website – e.g., GEDA (Gujarat), MSEDCL (Maharashtra), etc.
- Contact local DISCOM or Renewable Energy Development Authority.
- Consult your installer – providers like Solar Ace Energy will guide you through any available local schemes or CSR-funded initiatives.
Important Note:
- Subsidies (if any) for off-grid solar are typically limited to government buildings, tribal zones, schools, and health centers.
- Private residential off-grid setups are not covered under mainstream subsidies as of 2025.
📌 Summary:
While off-grid solar system in India may not benefit from national subsidies, they still offer long-term ROI, energy independence, and are sometimes supported by state-level or CSR-based incentives.
Installation & Maintenance Cost Insights
Investing in an off grid solar system in India isn’t just about the upfront cost of equipment. Installation and long-term maintenance also play a crucial role in your total project cost and overall return on investment (ROI). Let’s break it down:
Installation Charges – What to Expect
On average, installation charges make up 8% to 15% of your total system cost. Here’s what influences that number:
| Parameter | Impact on Cost |
|---|---|
| Roof Type | RCC, tin, or sloped – flat roofs are easiest |
| Mounting Structure Type | Basic vs. elevated or seasonal tilt |
| Wiring Complexity | Distance between panels, batteries, inverter |
| Equipment Weight | Additional civil work for battery room or platform |
| Location | Remote sites cost more due to travel & logistics |
Maintenance Costs – What’s Required?
While solar systems are low maintenance, off-grid setups need periodic battery checks and safety inspections.
AMC (Annual Maintenance Contract) Includes:
- Panel cleaning (every 2–3 months)
- Battery water top-up (for lead-acid)
- System health check (once or twice yearly)
- Fuse/MCB replacements if needed
Average AMC Cost:
| System Size | AMC Cost (Yearly) |
|---|---|
| 1–2 kW | ₹3,000 – ₹5,000 |
| 3–5 kW | ₹5,000 – ₹7,000 |
| 6–10 kW | ₹8,000 – ₹12,000 |
Final Word on ROI
Even without subsidy, the ROI for off grid solar systems in India stands strong. Here’s why:
- Full bill savings (no grid dependence)
- Long battery & panel life (~8–25 years)
- Protection from fuel generator costs
- Power backup during outages
With proper sizing and battery selection, most homeowners achieve breakeven in 6–8 years, with free electricity for 15+ more years.
FAQs – Off Grid Solar System in India
To help you make a confident, well-informed decision, here are answers to some of the most frequently asked questions about installing an off grid solar system in India:
What is an off-grid solar system?
An off grid solar system operates independently of the government electricity grid. It uses solar panels, batteries, and inverters to generate and store electricity, ensuring you have power even when the grid fails or is unavailable.
What is the price of a 5 kW off grid solar system in India?
A 5 kW off-solar grid system in India typically ranges from ₹3.8 lakh to ₹5.5 lakh, depending on battery type (lead-acid or lithium), inverter brand, and installation complexity.
Is there any subsidy available for off-grid solar systems in India?
Generally, no. MNRE subsidies apply mainly to on-grid residential rooftop systems. However, some state-specific or CSR-backed programs may offer limited support for off-grid systems in rural or tribal areas.
How long do solar batteries last?
Lead-acid batteries: 3–5 years (affordable, but heavier maintenance)
Lithium-ion batteries: 8–12 years (costlier, low maintenance)
Can I power an AC or refrigerator with an off-grid solar system?
Yes, but the system must be sized accordingly. For appliances like ACs, pumps, or refrigerators, ensure your inverter has enough wattage and the battery storage supports the runtime.
What happens on cloudy or rainy days?
Your system will continue to generate some power, though at reduced efficiency. Stored energy from batteries will be used, and in some cases, a diesel generator can be used as a backup.
How do I maintain my off grid system?
Clean panels regularly (every 2–3 months)
Maintain battery health (check water levels if lead-acid)
Monitor system performance via app or manual readings
Get an annual inspection through AMC services
If you live in an area with frequent blackouts, no grid access, or simply want complete energy independence, an off grid solar system in India is a wise, long-term investment.
It may not offer subsidy benefits like on-grid systems, but it ensures self-reliance, backup power, and savings that continue for 20+ years.
🔗 Learn more at Solar Ace Energy
